Another, I think secondary, outcome of these realizations was that I was also awakened to an undeterrable compulsion that it was my job, my duty, almost a need, to pursue further clarification and elucidation of this feeling. I knew that this meant going on a quest—however long it might take--to gather and organize knowledge on education, learning, and the reasons society has chosen the forms of structured learning, the forms of education, that it has. I also knew that my search would naturally incorporate as part of my process the reporting or sharing of my findings with others.
Religious teacher and mystic guide Andrew Harvey calls this feeling of having an unavoidable compulsion to raise consciousness in others over injustice a “sacred activism.” I believe that the discovery of one’s sacred activism is an event which can give cause and meaning to life and that sacred activism may be one of the factors that motivate we humans to remain social. Though I have had trouble defining and pinpointing my sacred activism, I have definitely felt compelled to pursue all information that might have some bearing on the pressures that have some bearing or influence on the ability of humans to pursue the realization of their fullest potential. Systems which try to control and order learning, such as our current and past systems of education and schooling, are definitely major contributors to the repression of human potential. Having been drawn into an early vocation of teaching, I see that education served as my entry point into my personal sacred activism. Having worked for some years under the fire of this drive to find out what's wrong, how we've been duped, distracted, manipulated and/or brainwashed, I have realized that the scope of this sacred activism is much larger than just education, that education is, in fact, merely a symptom of a more systemic disease within our society--perhaps even within human nature--and that my work may be merely that of trying to opening the eyes of my here-to-fore ignorant and/or blind fellow human beings.
Unbound curiosity led me through hours spent with literature and music, through many travels focused on art and architecture, through teaching to try to share my love for learning with others, and, later, through an unstoppable desire—almost a need--to write. (Writing, I later to realized, is my spirit’s Jungian way of processing unconscious desires and ambitions.)
And so, now in my Twenties, in a career of choice, I found my research desires spurred on by my perpetual frustration with the duties and expectations of the babysitting/police work which dominates the time and attention of classroom teaching. I was trying to figure out what was wrong with ‘education,’ what other options were available, and how and why that we, as a society, created and evolved to the institutions that supported the social/educational paradigm we were currently using. I had been exploring alternative venues of education—private schools, developmental schools, Montessori and Waldorf schools and training centers--I had even visited and studied a school which existed within a homeless shelter (try that for lesson planning and funding contingent on standardized test scores!) At the same time I was reading voraciously everything I could find on education, psychology, sociology, and even anthropology: John Dewey, Michael Apple, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Paolo Friere, Ivan Illich, Maria Montessori, A.S. Neill, Herbert Kohl, Jonathon Kozol, Howard Gardner, Daniel Goleman, Alice Miller, Carl Jung, Krishnamurti, Tara Singh, Pestalozzi, Rudolph Steiner, Jan Leibloff, Thomas Armstrong, Jean Shinoda Bolen, and John Taylor Gatto are some of the authors/writers whose work had great impact on me. But the work and works of John Holt and his Growing Without Schooling magazine were by far the most fascinating. Something about the “homeschool” movement struck a chord of “rightness” within me. The coup de grace occurred while coming across a particular passage in John Holt’s 1980 publication, Teach Your Own, in which he list of the talents, skills and accomplishments of one ‘common man,’ Hiram Salisbury, as they were listed in 1815.
Below I reprint a fascinating list of the skills of a common man from that era. It is important to remember that, like most Americans of his time, Hiram Salisbury never saw the inside of a schoolhouse.
" . . . he [Hiram] was a man of his time [1815] . . . I scan the journal for clues and reconstruct the post-Revolutionary American. I list his skills, one sheet of scratch paper after another. He knew every farm chore. He milked cows and attended the calves in birth. He physicked his horse. He plowed, he planted, he cultivated, hayed, picked apples, grafted fruit trees, cut wheat with a scythe, cradled oats, threshed grain with a flail on a clay floor. he chopped the corn and put down his vegetables for the winter. He made cider and built cider mills. He made cheese and fashioned cheese tongs. He butchered hogs and sheared the sheep. He churned butter and salted it. He made soap, candles, thatched barns and built smokehouses. He butchered oxen and constructed ox sledges. He fought forest fires and marked out theland. He repaired the crane at Smith's mill and forged a crane for his own fireplace to hang the kettle on. He collected iron in the countryside and smelted it. He tapped (mended) his children's shoes and his own. He built trundle beds, oxcarts, sleighs, wagons, wagon wheels, and wheel spokes. He turned logs into boards and cut locust wood for picket fences. He made house frames, beams, mortised and pegged. With six men's help he raised the frames and built houses. He made a neat cherry sand with a drawer for a cousin, diced clocks and went fishing. He carved his own board measures (yardsticks) and sold them for a dollar a piece. He fitted window cases, mended locks, and fixed compasses. He hewed timber, surveyed the forest, wrote deeds and shaved shingles. He inspected the town records and audited the books of the Friendship Lodge, the oldest Masonic lodge in the country (still running). He chipped blows, constructed carding machines, carved gunstocks and built looms. He set gravestones, fashioned wagon hubs. He ran a bookstore and could make a fine coffin in half a day. He was a member of the state's General Assembly, overseer of the poor, appraiser of property and fellow of the town council. He made hoops by the thousand and also pewter faucets. For many years he collected the town's taxes. . . I have not listed all of Hiram's skills but enough. I do not think he was an unusual man. Put me in Hiram's world and I would not last long. Put Hiram in our world, he might have a little trouble with a computer, but he'd get the hang of it faster than I could cradle a bushel of oats." ----- "A Life-Taught Man" from John Holt's book Teach Your Own
When I first read this passage I was overwhelmed. I could not begin to fathom how to learn much less master one-tenth of the skills listed as those under Mr. Salisbury’s repertoire. “Where does one go to school for those things?” would be a not-far-off response from a modern day, public schooled individual. And yet this amazingly skilled and obviously learned man prospered in a time in which schools did not exist. Schools were not yet considered ‘necessary’ to the proliferation of a “hardy, literate, involved, creative, and innovative citizenry.” (These widely published goals of education are in actuality the words of empty propaganda, for these “goals” have in fact been falling farther and farther from the real outcomes of the results coming out of our “experiment” in compulsory public education. It can be exhibited how achievement of the exact opposite—sickly, ignorant, detached and isolated, numb and dull, cynically uninvolved--is, in fact, the true hidden desire of the Captains of Industry who have commissioned and financed this “experiment” in social engineering.)
Fearless, rugged individuals possessing a vast array of practical skills like Hiram Salisbury were the norm at this pre-schooling, post-Revolutionary time of our nation's history, not the exception. We modern, ‘educated’ individuals have been so babied, so denied the wealth of knowledge and skills that could serve us in self-responsibility, self-sufficience, and independence. Instead, we have been emasculated, pampered into numb ignorance and inescapable dependence upon other “experts” to do such everyday tasks as Hiram or any farmer or Amish person would surely be capable of doing. Can you see how the destruction of the agrarian-based lifestyle with its self-sufficience and tight family and community ties became the top priority of the shapers of our society, our so-called “Captains of Industry”? Is it no wonder that the wealthy industrialists saw in schools and schooling the means to creating a vast and obedient (unquestioning) work force?
The second event signaling my inescapable culpability and complicity to society’s ills was really more of a brewing and percolation to the surface of my conscious brain of the fact (which took me years to verify and validate) that many of our Founding Fathers had no ‘formal’ education--that they received their education through the exposure to and the living of life, through following their natural curiosities, through family-hired tutorials, through satisfying personal interest and need--that they never saw the inside of a factory-, asylum- and prison-modeled school house. (I later learned that schools and a state-organized system of compulsory schooling did not rise to existence until many years after our Founding Fathers’ generation had passed.) And yet they were brilliant! They were intellectual giants possessed with incredible courage and fortitude, and were obviously quite spiritually advanced (in order to sacrifice one’s life daily to a greater cause wouldn’t one have to have some kind of heightened spiritual awareness? Either that or incredible ignorance and naïvete.)
I’m talking about Benjamin Franklin, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and Thomas Edison. Many—perhaps all—of our nation’s greatest leaders, thinkers and innovators have taken very unusual paths to the education that contributed to their success—many of which never touched on the institution of mass schooling. To be sure, our nation's founding fathers never saw the inside of a school building. The nation’s first state-mandated compulsory school attendance laws weren’t put into practice until the 1860s! Public schooling simply did not exist during the first 100 years of our nation’s history! And the typical multi-roomed school building , modeled on the sanatoriums, factories and prisons of arising in the (as a result of the) Industrial Revolution weren’t institutionalized until the 20th century.
Compulsory education began as an experiment. The goal was to figure out how to best control and shape mass populations. The sad part is, the propaganda accompanying this mass system of education is one of "democracy" and "family values" and "education as a means to a better life" when in fact the compulsory schooling system supports none of these "core American" beliefs. In fact, education has been purposely and intentionally molded and shaped to destroy these possibilities—to instead indoctrinate us to feel fear, isolation, ignorance, dependence, incompetence, helplessness, and to then seek escape and addictive behaviors to try to deal with (or avoid dealing with) our inadequacies, insufficiencies, insecurities, and lack of self-esteem!
The third epiphany involves the husband of former Governor of Michigan, Jennifer Granholm, Daniel Mulhern. Dan is a nationally renowned motivational speaker who speaks on leadership and organizational development. Around 2005, in one of my inaugural forays into the World Wide Web, I happened upon the re-printing of one of Dan’s speeches in which he said (unfortunately, I must here paraphrase): “As a parent, I’m not in the business of raising children; I’m trying to raise adults.”
Ding! Yes! This made so much sense! In order to raise adults we have to stop treating them as children and raise them with the expectations of their learning and using “adult” decision-making processes and behaviors. The question then arises, of course, as to what “adult” means. While defining what it means to be an adult (and to act accordingly) is truly the grist for an entire other post, for the sake of flow let us say that it means an individual capable of achieving, sustaining and enjoying success in life. If this is the case, then one must decide: What are the skills and behaviors that lead to autonomic success? I believe that these should include nurturing humans that make healthy choices for themselves, can establish non-addictive habits and behaviors, are self-determined, self-sufficient, capable of critical thinking, independent, of being able to weigh the life and health benefits to all living beings.
The point is, through my third epiphany I was able to awaken to my own personal belief that in order to raise—or rather, allow the development of—young human beings in order to best allow them to achieve timely (early) autonomy—to show success in making healthy choices, in finding confidence to take on independent decision-making and , that we had stop babying them and using authoritarian methods of behavior modification that unconsciously (and, I think, unintentionally) breed behaviors of dependency, codependency, and all of which serve most to delay the growing up process. Unfortunately, the authoritarian model is the most broadly accepted model of parenting and “adult” treatment of children. And, unfortunately, it is one of the best kept secrets (or most denied truths) of our world that the creation of disharmony, dependence, disease, fear, isolation, laziness, boredom, addiction, financial enslavement (through taxes and debt) that our capitalist system keeps “working”--working to ensure the perpetual primacy of the wealthy elite and their progeny.
Multiple times. Alone. On foot. To Georgia and back. By the time he was 12-years old.
Let me repeat this one more time in order to help you digest this.
According to Stephen E. Ambrose in his biography of Meriwether Lewis, titled Undaunted Courage, young Meriwether had traveled at least five times, alone, on foot, to and from Georgia, by the time he was 12 years old.
Through wild, often roadless, back woods. Among the foothills of the Appalachian Mountains.
For weeks at a time.
Alone.
And we imagine Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer to be rugged and brave!
The fact that a pre-pubescent aristocratic boy was allowed to make the decision to go off alone into the wilderness of Appalachia in the hopes of finding his way to a specific destination 200 miles away is, to me, staggering. To contemplate my own self walking hundreds of miles through not-necessarily friendly wilderness, alone, at age eight, nine, or even 12-years old is virtually inconceivable. The contemplation of even conceiving of such an idea (or of a family member proposing such a task) is to me unfathomable. Then to imagine being the parent of that child--supporting that child’s request (or suggesting/commanding it!), allowing the departure, having no contact for weeks at a time, putting the that kind of trust into God, Mother Nature, and human nature--is, again, so far from my experience and comfort zone. And with no cell phone!
My point here is that learning, education, growing, discovering the strengths and weakness of one's self, are all achievable without teachers, without books, without classrooms, without structures and schedules, without authoritarian rules and regulations, without media hype, without consumerist participation, without democratic participation, without nationalization, without acculturation, without moderation or modification, without legislation or "protection," without corporate packaging and definitely without controlled 'socialization.' As a matter of fact, I would go so far as to say that learning is better achieved without all of these contrived methods of control of human behavior.
Try walking to Georgia and back. Alone. Now, that would be an education!
My fifth epiphany occurred while doing some research into my own family history. I am descended from the Fisher Brothers of Detroit automobile fame. As a matter of fact I carry forward the name of one of those entrepreneurial brothers, my great grandfather, William Andrew. While reading old articles or historical blurbs on the Fisher Brothers I fell upon a line which read “as was custom of that time” my great grandfather’s parents' generation pushed their sons out into the world upon graduating from school (which at that time only went through 8th grade) at age 14. In the cultural custom of "going out and seeking one's fortune," the boys were expected to make their way, explore the world, themselves, and career opportunities until age 21 when they were expected to set themselves into an adult life. Most of the Fisher Brothers moved away from their home town of Norwalk, Ohio, in ‘early manhood.’ They spent time traveling to various centers of culture and industry mostly in the Northeastern part of the country. This was in the late 1800's and early 1900's. Fred and Charles worked at various woodcraft and mechanics' jobs on the East Coast--Boston, New Haven, New York and smaller cities on the eastern seaboard. My great grandfather, William, worked on local farms around Norwalk, in a local hotel, and for his father and uncles in the family carriage-making business.
This custom and practice, it turns out, is similar to that used within present day communities of the Amish--or, as they call themselves, the “Plain Folk.” This seems to make sense since the Old Order Amish have for all intents and purposes "frozen" all customs--as much as possible--as they were around 1860.
In Amish communities, “scholars” ages seven through 14 (eight grades) attend local one-room schoolhouses from September to early May. Then, between ages 14 and 21 they “find themselves” by working alongside many family and community members, testing their hands and their interests at many crafts, learning many skills, so that, at age 21 one, when they choose a partner or mate, they are most definitely ready to take on the multifarious tasks of heading their own farm, family and possibly a specialty trade.
The common theme running through all of these five "epiphanies" is that they are all representative of a form of education that existed before, or that exists as an alternative to, the state mandated system of mass schooling which is our current paradigm. Unfortunately, we have come to accept the framework of this modern system as the highest expression of human educational achievement. We have been programmed into believing that this system of compulsory education for the masses is the epitome of democratic principles because it tries to reach everyone (through state-mandated and state-enforced attendance, ages 7 through 16 or 18); because it supposedly "levels the playing field" for all Americans, allowing them to have exactly the same access to the chance of realizing the 'American Dream.' The sad thing is that the American "dream" that is the reality is more like a nightmare: we are all released from our 12-plus year jail sentence to walk about in a numb, dumb, haze or stupor of zombi-automation--completely void of independent adult behaviors, completely and (the powers that be hope) irrevocably dependent on the tools, skills, and expertise of consumer goods and services for our 'health,' 'safety,' welfare, information, and opinions.
When the world was our classroom--when the family, the farm, the community, even the workplace--served as the means to the learning "rugged individualism" "strong moral fiber" "innovative creativity" that these admirably accomplished individuals obtained.
“Auto-didactism” is the fancy Latin-and-Greek-derived word that ‘intellectuals’ studying the “science” of ‘pedagogy’ have created for what could be called ‘self-education.’ It’s as if learning were some unusual disease or extraordinary achievement when in fact the 'exceptional' individuals our unschooled society produced were normal, average humans that were allowed and encouraged (some might even say forced) to be guided by the internal motivation of need, desire, and curiosity. I would posit here that our fear-based education and media-controlled system has been created and constructed with the express purpose of instead distracting, discouraging and denying us from these natural motivating forces. Our "Captains of Industry" do not want any charismatic leaders, they do not want any creativity or inventiveness to occur outside of (or to grow without the umbrella of control of) state or corporate control. So they have financed the creation of a very effective system that dumbs us down, numbs us into isolated paranoia, enslaves us through debt and taxes, controls us by forced competition for jobs, money, play toys, and basic needs, keeps us unhealthy through engineering immune system compromising and disease-causing foods, media, and environment. The layers of enslavement to the capitalist system are daunting to say the least, effective to be sure. A return to self-sufficiency and the natural forms of learning that occur therein might be our only hope.